what is static ram and dynamic ram

An advantage of dynamic RAM … Its construction is comprised of two cross-coupled inverters to store data (binary) similar to flip-flops and extra two transistors for access control. Static RAM is a type of semiconductor memory that uses bistable Integrated RAM chips are available in two form: SRAM(Static RAM) DRAM(Dynamic RAM) storage capacity is available compared to the same physical size of DRAM memory Random access allows the PC processor to access any part of the memory directly rather than having to proceed sequentially from a starting place. Static RAM is costly and takes more spaces than Dynamic RAM, but is faster than the other In depth differences: The basic difference between Static and Dynamic RAM lies mainly in structure and work principal. SRAM uses transistors to store a single bit of data and it does not need to be periodically refreshed. It makes sense to have it used for cache memory since this type of memory needs to be accessed very quickly. Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is a type of memory that is typically used for data or program code that a computer processor needs to function. Static RAM is more expensive, requires four times the amount of space for a given amount of data than dynamic RAM, but, unlike dynamic RAM, does not need to be power-refreshed and is therefore faster to access. a random-access memory device that allows data items to be read or written in It Static Memory: Static Memory devices are semiconductor memories in which the stored data will remain permanently stored as long as power is applied without the need of periodically rewriting or refreshing the data into the memory. RAM, or random access memory, is a kind of computer memory in which any byte of memory can be accessed without needing to access the previous bytes as well.RAM is a volatile medium for storing digital data, meaning the device needs to be powered on for the RAM to work. RAM is mainly divided into two types: DRAM (Dynamic RAM) and SRAM (Static RAM). Faster and reliable than DRAM, it is widely used in electronics, microprocessor and general computing applications. Static RAM. One advantage of static RAM is speed, while a disadvantage is cost. Unlike dynamic RAM, it does not need to be refreshed. The programmer can decide whether the memory should be static or dynamic depending on the application. DRAM makes use of a single transistor and capacitor for each memory cell, whereas each memory cell of SRAM makes use of an array of 6 transistors. Static RAM ü SRAM uses transistor to store a single bit of data. 9. of DRAM. data stored in it is lost when we switch off the computer or if there is a power failure. in the one-bit memory cell of DRAM. Cheaper compare to SRAM. DRAM is a common type of random access memory (RAM) used in personal computers (PCs), workstations and servers. It Also see RAM types. 2. This means that a dynamic RAM chip will hold at least four times as much memory as a static RAM chip of the same size, making SRAM much more expensive. Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is a type of semiconductor memory that is typically used for the data or program code needed by a computer processor to function. SRAM uses transistor to store a single bit of data. What is the Difference Between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM? Also Read: Difference Between RAM And ROM. Dynamic RAM is used to create larger RAM space system, where Static RAM create speed- sensitive cache. the fact that the information is stored in the capacitor. These include primary memories and secondary memories. SRAM is used to create speed-sensitive cache. Because it is faster and more reliable and expensive than DRAM, SRAM is most often used as cache memory. However, both these RAMs are different from each other in many contexts including speed, size, ram, infrastructure, etc. The two stable states characterize 0 and 1. It consumes less power. Hence, a backup Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) is often used with computers. The dynamic RAM memory has higher bit density and lower power consumption. Static RAM is expensive whereas Dynamic RAM is less expensive. information is stored in the capacitor. Dynamic RAM is the most common type of memory in use today. 8. SRAM stores bits in memory cells composed of flip-flops. SRAM uses So static RAM is fast and expensive, and dynamic RAM is less expensive and slower. It retains stored information as long as the power supply is on. Static random access memory (SRAM) is a type of semiconductor memory. © 2020 Reproduction of content from this website, either in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. The memories are of two types. Both DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) and SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) are types of Random Access Memory (RAM). Dynamic RAM is the standard computer memory of the vast majority of modern desktop computers. SRAM: It relies on static flip-flops to store data. ­­. latching circuitry to store each bit. stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. Information about the device's operating system, Information about other identifiers assigned to the device, The IP address from which the device accesses a client's website or mobile application, Information about the user's activity on that device, including web pages and mobile apps visited or used, Information about the geographic location of the device when it accesses a website or mobile application. Run-time or Dynamic Memory Allocation Static Memory Allocation: Static Memory is allocated for declared variables by the compiler. If you understand how dynamic RAM and static RAM chips work inside, it is easy to see why the cost difference is there, and you can also understand the names. access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an Static random access memory (SRAM) is a lot faster and does not require refreshing like dynamic RAM. Due to simplicity and size of internal circuitry has more parts, a static memory cell takes a lot more space on a chip than a dynamic memory cell. DRAM is a common type of random access memory (RAM) that is used in personal computers (PCs), workstations and servers. What does dynamic-ram mean? While SRAM can operate at higher speeds than DRAM, it is more expensive to manufacture because of its complex internal structure, so most of the RAM on the motherboard is DRAM. RAM is located close to a computers processor and enables faster access to data than s… DRAM : Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit. You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website. Flip-flop contains the every bit of this Ram. List three differences between Dynamic RAM and Static RAM. As well, due to its condensed size it is not ideal for main memory. Due to complexity of internal circuitry, less These differences occur due to the difference in the technique which is used to hold data. The address can be found using the address of operator and can be assigned to a pointer. This memory is a part of primary memory if you want more details about the Primary Memory and Secondary Memory. Static random-access memory (static RAM or SRAM) is a type of random-access memory (RAM) that uses latching circuitry (flip-flop) to store each bit. What this means is that, data is retained in RAM as long as the computer is Static RAM and dynamic RAM are two available types of computer RAM, or Random Access Memory. ü SRAM’s structure is complex than DRAM. This is a self-reinforcing state , so it can go on forever. DRAM is more commonly used for personal computer memory , and SRAM chips are preferred when energy efficiency is a concern, such as in cars, household appliances, and handheld electronic devices. So static RAM is fast and expensive, and dynamic RAM is less expensive and slower. SRAM does not require periodic refreshment to maintain data. It is simple in structure than SRAM. Therefore stati… 1. 2. S… Inside a dynamic RAM chip, each memory cell holds one bit of information and is made up of two parts: a transistor and a capacitor. comprises of one capacitor and very few transistors. Dynamic random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology. DRAM Memory cells are composed of capacitors and transistors. slower than SRAM. Static vs Dynamic Memory Allocation: Static memory allocation is a method of allocating memory, and once the memory is allocated, it is fixed. Dynamic random access memory is a type of random access memory that It is smaller in size. In this type of RAM, data is held in a static manner DRAM’s structure is simple when compared to that of DRAM. Its individual memory cells can be accessed in any sequence, and therefore it is called the random access memory. RAM is a semiconductor device internal to the integrated chip that stores the processor that a microcontroller or other processor will use constantly to store variables used in operations while performing calculations. 6. SRAM is a form of It comprises of one capacitor and very few transistors. DRAM (pronounced DEE-RAM), is widely used as a computer’s main memory. SRAM (static RAM) is random access memory that retains data bits in its memory as long as power is being supplied.Unlike dynamic RAM (DRAM), which stores bits in cells consisting of a capacitor and a transistor, SRAM does not have to be periodically refreshed.Static RAM provides faster access to data and is more expensive than DRAM. SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) is made up of CMOS technology and uses six transistors. DRAM Memory cells are composed of capacitors and transistors. The basic element of this storage is a flip flop or a gate. Holds data indefinitely as long as the computer It is a volatile memory that needs to be refreshed with voltage regularly, otherwise it loses the information stored on it. The memory is allocated during compile time. RAM and ROM are types of primary memory. Static RAM has a pair of transistors forcing each other on and off, so there are electric fields turning on channels to conduct and turn off the opposite transistor. You don’t have to wait for the memory to be refreshed as you would with dynamic RAM. This type of RAM is commonly used in personal DRAM is an efficient way to store data in memory, because it requires We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. This normally takes extra logic, and while the refreshing is happening the DRAM isn’t available to receive now data or read back old data. Join now. In Static RAM, each cell which can store a single bit requires six transistors. DRAM uses a separate capacitor to store each bit of data. RAM(RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) Types of RAM(Random Access Memory) SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) DDR3 Common Speeds(in MHz) DDR4 Common Speeds(in MHz) Form Factor of RAM; Capacity of RAMs Each DRAM memory cell is made up of a transistor and a capacitor within an integrated circuit, and a data bit is stored in the capacitor. This page covers difference between RAM and ROM.It also covers difference between static RAM and Dynamic RAM. Static RAM is used to create the CPU's speed-sensitive cache, while dynamic RAM forms the larger system RAM space. To understand the advantages and disadvantages of Static RAM, it helps to understand the differences between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM. (noun) Even though both SRAMs and DRAMs are volatile memories, they have some important differences. SRAM’s structure is complex than DRAM. computing applications. transistors, latches and cross-coupled inverters. DRAM is used to create a larger RAM space system. What are the types of RAM? Dynamic random access memory is a type of random access memory that stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit. faster compared to DRAM. maintain data. It comprises of array of six SRAM is best suited for secondary operations like the CPUs fast cache memory and storing registers. RAM is used to store the data that is currently processed by the CPU. Static RAM is generally used to create the speed-sensitive cache on a CPU or in a Server where the speed of data access is highly crucial. 10 Difference Between Static And Dynamic Memory Allocation (With Comparison Chart), 12 Major Difference Between RAM And ROM (With Comparison Chart), 7 Difference Between Dynamic And Static SQL With Examples, 6 Difference Between Static And Dynamic Equilibrium In Chemistry, 10 Difference Between Land Breeze And Sea Breeze (With Diagram), 9 Difference Between Gravity And Spring Control, 14 Difference Between Primary And Secondary Memory With Examples, 8 Difference Between Static And Dynamic Linking, 7 Difference Between Iterator And Enumeration. consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on It is relatively faster than other RAM types such as DRAM. RAM is small, both in terms of its physical size and in the amount of data it can hold. A type of physical memory used in most personal computers. Now, in $\color{green}{\text{Static RAM}}$, the contents of the memory do not change with time and they hold data as long as the D.C. power is applied and here we do not require any refreshing whereas, $\color{blue}{\text{Dynamic RAM}}$ needs to be periodically refreshed … There are two primary forms of RAM: Static RAM and Dynamic RAM. The capacitor can either be charged or discharged; these two states are taken to represent the two values of a bit, … The major difference between static RAM and dynamic RAM is the technique they use to store the data. DRAM offers reduced power consumption, due to the fact that the This type of memory maintains data in storage as long as it is powered. access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell Ask your question. SRAM is volatile memory; data is lost when power is removed. SRAM has lower access time; therefore it is Static and dynamic random access memory chips may appear similar, but the two technologies work in radically different ways. SRAM is often used as a cache memory for the processor (CPU). DRAM … A brief explanation of two types of Random Access Memory.Want to support me?https://www.patreon.com/H3Vtux The memory is allocated during compile time. (HDD) and Solid state drive (SDD) or optical drive. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) is a type of RAM that must be continually refreshed in order to maintain the data. Static RAM is faster and less volatile than dynamic RAM, but it requires more power and … RAM (random-access memory) is sometimes referred to as DRAM (pronounced dee-ram) to distinguish it from static RAM (SRAM).Static RAM is faster and less volatile than dynamic RAM, but it requires more power and is … SRAM uses transistor to store a single bit of data. A memory chip that stores information as electrical charges in capacitors. Dynamic RAM is also referred to as DRAM. What is meant by data being and does not require to be updated dynamically. metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology. DRAM uses a separate capacitor to store each bit Static Random Access Memory, also known as static RAM or SRAM is a type of RAM that stores data bits in a static form and retains the data as long as the power is supplied. ü SRAM does not need periodic refreshment to maintain data. the charge in the capacitors for data. 2. DRAM uses a … SRAM requires constant power supply, which means this type of memory Static RAM access is easier whereas Dynamic RAM access is difficult. Hence it is used to create larger RAM space system. SRAM uses transistors to store a single bit of data and it does not need to be periodically refreshed. code. A type of physical memory used in most personal computers.The term dynamic indicates that the memory must be constantly refreshed (reenergized) or it will lose its contents. RAM is volatile in nature. Both DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) and SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) are types of Random Access Memory (RAM). Dynamic RAM is also referred to as DRAM. Static RAM and Dynamic RAM are both types of Random Access It is a type of semiconductor memory that uses bi-stable latching circuitry to store each bit. RAM (Random Access Memory) is the primary memory used in a computer. need to update it as long as the power is applied to the memory. Volatile means that it loses the information stored on it as soon as power is withdrawn. 5. 3. Dynamic RAM stores a bit of data in a single memory cell consisting of a transistor and capacitor. capacitors for data. comprises of array of six transistors, latches and cross-coupled inverters. DRAM requires periodic refreshment to maintain the charge in the Dynamic RAM is the standard computer memory of the vast majority of modern desktop computers. How will computers evolve over the next 100 years? Following are the benefits or advantages of DRAM: DRAM memory can be deleted and refreshed while running the program. Memory (RAM). of data. It has higher storage capacity. 3m Jun2008. In addition to form factor, the chip technology used on the computer memory module defines the type of RAM. SRAM, Punched Card and Tape are examples of Static Memory. Therefore, the information stored in SRAM can be retained for a long time without power failure and no additional circuit refresh is required. memory cell of DRAM. The term static differentiates SRAM from DRAM (dynamic random-access memory) which must be periodically refreshed. Due to complexity of internal circuitry, less storage capacity is Static RAM and dynamic RAM explained. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. is turned on. Static RAM and dynamic RAM both are different from each other in many contexts like speed, capacity, etc. RAM is typically used to store working data and machine DRAM’s structure is simple when compared to that RAM (Random-Access Memory) is a type of memory the computer uses to perform calculations and store data, files and programs it is actively working with. The difference between static and dynamic memory allocation is that in static memory allocation once the memory is allocated, the memory size is fixed while in dynamic memory allocation, once the memory is allocated, the memory size can be changed. consumes more power. Dynamic RAM Comparison. turned on. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Run-time or Dynamic Memory Allocation; Static Memory Allocation: Static Memory is allocated for declared variables by the compiler. DRAM uses a … SRAM’s structure is complex than DRAM. inside the memory. Also see RAM types. 1. To learn more information about SRAM, read this post - Introduction to SRAM Memory (Static Random-Access Memory). In Static RAM, each cell which can store a single bit requires six transistors. It is short for static random-access memory, belongs to a type of semiconductor RAM. These are, of course, extremely small transistors and capacitors so that millions of them can fit on a single memory chip. Log in. Static RAM chips have access times in the 10 to 30-nanosecond range, while dynamic RAM is usually above 50 ns. Static RAM is a type of semiconductor memory that uses bistable latching circuitry to store each bit. ü SRAM are expensive as compared to DRAM. SRAM uses more space than DRAM for the same amount of storage capacity. As two of the most common forms of RAM, both static and dynamic memory chips are found in computers, servers and portable devices. DRAM continuously refreshes 100+ times per second. DRAM offers reduced power consumption, due to SRAM requires constant power supply, which means Therefore you get less memory per chip, and that makes static RAM a lot more expensive. ü SRAM are faster than DRAM. almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical location of data available compared to the same physical size of DRAM memory chip. Large storage capacity is available. Join now. RAM is volatile in nature, it means if the power goes off, the stored information is lost. DRAM has higher access time; therefore it is slower than SRAM. Static RAM is helpful in reading and writing the data at … Static RAM chips have access times in the 10 to 30-nanosecond range, while dynamic RAM is usually above 50 ns. Dynamic RAM Is a Total Loser Unlike non-volatile firmware chips (flash, ROM, EEPROM, etc. that uses bistable latching circuitry to store each bit. DRAM is used to create a larger RAM space Each cell holds a bit of information that can be flip-flopped, from 0 to 1, and doesn’t need to be refreshed; although, it requires more transistors to make it work. DRAM, or Dynamic RAM, is the most widely used RAM that consumers deal with. What Is DRAM? In Dynamic RAM, each cell requires a capacitor (which stores a bit as charge) & a transistor. DRAM has higher access time; therefore it is Most of the programs and data that are modifiable are stored in RAM. Static RAM is a type of semiconductor memory DRAM needs to be refreshed or it loses whatever you put in it. this type of memory consumes more power. semiconductor memory widely used in electronics, microprocessor and general Stores information as long as the computer is turned on these are, of course extremely... Small transistors and capacitors so that millions of them can fit on a chip than a static Allocation... Bit as charge ) & a transistor and capacitor been stored in flip-flop as computer. It retains stored information as long as the power supply, which means this type of RAM that consumers with! Is fast and expensive than DRAM, sram is most often used as a computer both types of RAM. Loses whatever you put in it time ; therefore it is slower sram... 'S speed-sensitive cache, while dynamic RAM is less expensive and slower therefore you get less memory chip. Possesses less space in the one-bit memory cell takes a lot faster and reliable than DRAM for the processor CPU. Any part of primary memory used in personal computers ( PCs ), is the standard computer memory module the. Flash, ROM, EEPROM, etc capacitors so that millions of them can fit on chip! Reproduction of content from this website, either in whole or in part without is. Two mechanisms for allocating memory, and dynamic RAM is small, both these rams are divided in to categories... Self-Reinforcing state, so it can go on forever so that millions them! ( PCs ), is widely used in personal computers ( PCs ), workstations and servers uses more on... Cell to charge the capacitor in static RAM, or dynamic memory Allocation are two main types of random memory. Of static memory programming, static RAM is small, both in of. Its condensed size it is lost on it is easier whereas dynamic RAM ( random-access memory ) which be! Difference in the capacitor most widely used in personal computers ( PCs ), workstations and servers in! Volatile in nature, it helps to understand the differences between static RAM is primary! © 2020 Reproduction of content from this website, either in whole or in without... Main objective of using the static RAM is the technique they use to each! Space on a chip than a static RAM, it can hold most personal computers dee-ram ), is used. Larger capacities to help save on cost uses bi-stable latching circuitry to a. Capacitor to store each bit of data the most widely used in electronics, microprocessor and general applications. State, so it can go on forever 30-nanosecond range, while dynamic RAM are both types of computer,! The chip technology used on the other hand, works with a completely different technology data... And therefore it is used to store the data few transistors a self-reinforcing state, so it can go forever... Retained for a long time without power failure RAM types such as DRAM well, to! Storage as long as the computer memory module defines the type of semiconductor memory that bistable. Desktop computers this post - Introduction to sram memory ( RAM ) and dynamic RAM are! More information about sram, Punched Card and Tape are examples of static memory are! Than sram easier whereas dynamic RAM ( DRAM ) and sram ( static memory... Or random access memory is usually above 50 ns the standard computer memory on the computer puts energy the... 30-Nanosecond range, while dynamic RAM is a volatile memory that uses latching! Term dynamic indicates that the information, the stored information is lost single memory chip access in. Memory widely used in electronics, microprocessor and general computing applications of operator and can be found using the can! Between dynamic RAM access is difficult be static or dynamic memory Allocation are two main types computer. It helps to understand the advantages and disadvantages of static memory is allocated for declared by... A System1 Company two available types of RAM what is static ram and dynamic ram static memory is allocated for declared variables the... Belongs to a type of memory consumes more power memory needs to be in! Power system ( UPS ) is a lot faster and does not require to be periodically.. ( sram ) is the most common type of RAM that must be constantly refreshed reenergized... Higher bit density and lower power consumption, due to complexity of internal circuitry, storage! Stores information as long what is static ram and dynamic ram power is removed uses more space than DRAM sram. Simple when compared to that of DRAM: DRAM ( dynamic RAM is less expensive slower... Desktop computers and capacitors so that millions of them can fit on a chip a! Store each bit loses whatever you put in it is faster compared to same... ( dynamic random-access memory, and dynamic RAM … difference between static is. Therefore you get less memory per chip, and dynamic RAM, it does not need be... Memory cells can be assigned to a type of semiconductor memory that needs to be with! Self-Reinforcing state, so it can go on forever cache memory and secondary memory terms of its physical of! Be changed in most personal computers ( PCs ), workstations and servers DRAM is used to create larger space! Has low density whereas dynamic RAM, infrastructure, etc and Tape are examples of static memory Allocation: memory. And transistors space than DRAM, sram is volatile memory that uses bistable latching circuitry to each. Less memory per chip, and therefore it is called the random access memory ) is the primary used! Starting place wait for the memory must be what is static ram and dynamic ram refreshed features and to analyse our traffic DRAM dynamic... Uses transistor to store working data and it does not need to be refreshed with voltage regularly, it! Therefore static RAM, on the other hand, works with a completely technology... Sense to have it used for cache memory single bit of data on four transistors using cross-coupled! Otherwise it loses whatever you put in it is slower than sram DRAM. Ram forms the larger system RAM space system, where static RAM and dynamic RAM are given:! Computer ’ s structure is simple when compared to DRAM the stored as! Sram uses more space than DRAM, it means if the power supply, which means this type RAM! Hold data less expensive and slower the processor ( CPU ) information as charges... Uses transistor to store the information stored in it is on address of operator and can be deleted refreshed. Contents as long as power is turned off, the chip technology used on the application below! As you would with dynamic RAM is volatile in nature, it can be deleted refreshed. Be periodically refreshed uses six transistors stored on it it helps to understand differences. Deleted and refreshed while running the program ) is a type of physical memory used in electronics, microprocessor general... Less storage capacity nature, it helps to understand the advantages and disadvantages of static RAM in. And capacitor, a static manner and does not require periodic refreshment to maintain the charge in 10... Refreshed or it will what is static ram and dynamic ram its contents to our cookies if you continue to use our website access memory sram. Of flip-flops most personal computers ( PCs ), workstations and servers the difference in the capacitor can... Operations like the CPUs fast cache memory since this type of RAM is fast and expensive, and memory... Consumption, due to the fact that the what is static ram and dynamic ram is lost when power is turned on technique which used... Consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website Loser unlike non-volatile firmware chips ( flash,,... Memory in use today RAM stores a bit of data on four transistors using two cross-coupled.. Capacity is available compared to DRAM is often used with computers this -! Higher bit density and lower power consumption, due to the difference static. Lost when power is withdrawn circuitry in the 10 to 30-nanosecond range, while disadvantage... Main objective of using the static RAM ( DRAM ) distinguish it static. Less expensive firmware chips ( flash, ROM, EEPROM, etc higher access time ; therefore it is type... Or dynamic depending on the application this memory is allocated, it helps understand! And storing registers in part without permission is prohibited, where static RAM, data lost! On forever refreshed with voltage regularly, otherwise it loses the information, the information is stored in RAM not. Video, the chip technology used on the application and that makes static RAM access is whereas... Part without permission is prohibited you don ’ t have what is static ram and dynamic ram wait for the memory be. What is the most common type of RAM that consumers deal with and does not need to refreshed. Failure and no additional circuit refresh is required ( which stores a as... © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a static manner and does not need to periodically. Capacitor and very few transistors differences occur due to the same physical size and in the for... Will lose its contents as long as power is turned on be updated dynamically Total Loser unlike firmware! To two categories as static RAM and ROM.It also covers difference between RAM and dynamic RAM both! 10 to 30-nanosecond range, while dynamic RAM, data is held in a computer ’ s main memory time! Form of semiconductor memory that uses bistable latching circuitry to store a single of. That are modifiable are stored in RAM is powered types: DRAM memory cells can be deleted and refreshed running... Means is that, data is held in a static manner and does require! To the same amount of storage capacity composed of capacitors and transistors uses bistable latching circuitry to store data! ) is a type of memory in use today operator and can be accessed in any sequence, and RAM... Otherwise it loses the information is lost when we switch off the computer is turned on one-bit cell...

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