Dispomed is putting the spotlight on veterinary anesthesia machines. To help circumvent this debate it has been suggested that in addition to describing the design of the breathing circuit, the FGF rate should be provided to fully describe how the system is being used.8 The FGF rate should be expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute in veterinary medicine, owing to the vast range of patient sizes encountered. This list comprises just a few of the more important features of a complicated machine that engineers have improved for decades. TAKE YOUR PICK. The ratio of the amount of gas that picks up inhalant to the gas that does not pick up inhalant, along with the vapor pressure of the volatile anesthetic, will determine the final concentration of the gas leaving the vaporizer. However, this flow rate may result when circle systems are used for maintenance of anesthesia in very small patients (<5kg) with flow rates of 1000 mL/min or greater. Very thin-walled endotracheal tubes are prone to occlusion from external compression or twisting. Additionally, the degree of rebreathing with breathing circuits can be affected by other factors such as the equipment dead space and the patient’ s respiratory pattern. Store spare parts such as tubing end pieces, random parts of an old machine, connectors and replacement bags and hoses. Frequently in veterinary medicine it is suggested that flow rates below 1000 mL/min should not be used and although this recommendation may be clinically useful for preventing anesthetic-related errors by increasing the margin of anesthetic safety, most modern anesthetic systems (i.e., vaporizers) continue to function optimally down to flow rates of 500 mL/min. Regulators also reduce or prevent fluctuations in pressure as the tank empties. The fresh gas inlet is the site of gas delivery to the circle system from the common gas outlet of the anesthetic machine. Also, most of the concentrated exhaust goes up through the middle of the canister. Some disposable laryngoscopes have a fixed blade (i.e., one blade type and size) and may be made of plastic while others are designed for use with multiple blade types and styles of blades and made of stainless steel. In addition to color coding, all tanks have a labeling scheme consisting of various shaped labels, key words, and colors that are all used to identify hazards associated with the gas they contain. Equating anesthetic delivery to a constant rate infusion of an intravenous drug is perhaps a more familiar comparison for understanding inhalant anesthetic delivery. Most modern vaporizers are agent specific, concentration-calibrated, variable -bypass, flow-over the wick, out of the circuit vaporizers that are compensated for temperature, flow, and back pressure. Dorsch and S.E. At least one system also incorporates a negative pressure relief valve, providing an alternative path of gas flow (room air) to the patient should the inspiratory valve become stuck in the closed position. 00. Both systems provide all the components necessary for the controlled delivery of inhalant anesthetics. Oxygen Flush: 45-60 lpm. During inspiration, the inspiratory one-way valve opens, allowing gas to move from the fresh gas inlet and reservoir bag to move through the valve into the inspiratory limb of the breathing circuit. The handle may also vary in size and although this rarely impacts the functional use of the laryngoscope, a smaller handle may be more comfortable and easier to manipulate for some anesthetists, particularly when used for intubating very small patients. This describes a circle system using a flow rate greater than metabolic oxygen consumption (∼ 20 mL/kg/min) but less than that required to prevent rebreathing (∼200–300mL/ kg/min). The purpose of the hole is to provide an alternate route for gas flow should the beveled opening become occluded. However, maintenance and care should be done according to the manufacturers’ recommendations and only performed by a certified technician. Place a second bag at the end of the anesthesia hose; and, Push the oxygen flush valve to fill both bags to centimeters H. Keyed filler ports are intended to prevent inadvertently filling a vaporizer with the wrong anesthetic agent. Most breathing circuits can be adapted for use with all circle systems as the fitting diameters are standardized. Other commercially available cuff inflation guides are available for the human market and have been adapted to veterinary use (Figure 5.5). Because of the drawing this set works best as flashcards. There must be a separate flow meter for each gas type used with the anesthetic machine. For example, a size 6.0 endotracheal tube refers to a tube with an ID of 6.0 mm. 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