Similarly, a strong association between coffee consumption and mortality from coronary heart disease, reported after 6 years of follow-up,5 was weakened by 6 more years of follow-up.6 The decreased effect of coffee after longer follow-up could also be a result of caffeine having a weaker effect in an older population. To determine whether CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and risk of acute nonfatal MI. A2 adenosine receptors, located in coronary endothelial and smooth muscle cells, are responsible for stimulation of this enzyme activity. It is expected that dietitians will be key players in this area. Conclusions: Gu L, Gonzalez FJ, Kalow W, Tang BK. Coffee and coronary heart disease. with hypertension and myocardial infarction (MI) are different between slow and rapid metabolizers as defined by CYP1A2 genotype with adjustment for confounding factors. Additionally, after the 24-week diet and 18-month follow up the low-GI nutrigenetic diet group had significantly greater (p < 0.0001) improvements in total cholesterol (ketogenic - 35.4 ± 32.2 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic - 52.5 ± 24.3 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (ketogenic + 4.7 ± 4.5 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic + 11.9 ± 4.1 mg/dl), and fasting glucose (ketogenic - 13.7 ± 8.4 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic - 24.7 ± 7.4 mg/dl). Of the participants, 60.5% were women and 39.5% were men. Hamdy SI, Hiratsuka M, Narahara K. During the follow-up period, 309 participants died. The fruit and vegetable intake of low income elderly individuals in the city of São Paulo was insufficient according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization and is associated with unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. There is no association between coffee consumption and the occurrence of coronary heart disease. Among younger individuals who were rapid caffeine metabolizers, coffee intakes of either 1 cup/d or 2 to 3 cups/d were associated with a lower risk of MI compared with intakes of less than 1 cup/d. The association between coffee intake and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. CAF+HAL are studied on RYR1 single channel currents and myotubes expressing HET to define molecular mechanisms of gene-by-environment synergism. Coffee is a major source of caffeine, which has multiple physiological effects that could increase the risk of MI.17 Numerous studies have examined the association between coffee consumption and risk of MI, but the findings have been inconclusive.1-14 Caffeine is detoxified primarily through an initial N3-demethylation that is catalyzed by CYP1A2, an enzyme that displays wide interindividual variability in activity.21-23 We investigated whether a common genetic polymorphism (CYP1A2*1F) that results in a “slow” metabolizer phenotype modifies the association between intake of caffeinated coffee and risk of nonfatal MI. This is because myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury is caused by 1) activated leukocytes and platelets, 2) ATP depletion and calcium overload of myocardium, and 3) catecholamine release from the presynaptic nerves as well as 4) the impaired coronary circulation. Cases (n = 2014) with a first acute nonfatal MI and population-based controls (n = 2014) living in Costa Rica between 1994 and 2004, matched for age, sex, and area of residence, were genotyped by restriction fragment-length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. Individuals who are homozygous for the CYP1A2*1A allele are "rapid" caffeine metabolizers, whereas carriers of the variant CYP1A2*1F are "slow" caffeine metabolizers. In conclusion, consumption of coffee was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CHD among Taiwanese adults with the TRIB1 GG genotype. This point mutation was detected by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction  et al. Cholesterol-raising factor from boiled coffee does not pass a paper filter. Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Coffee intake from 1 to 4 cups per day was not associated with any increase in coronary heart disease occurrence compared with 1 cup or less per day (odds ratio, 1.01; confidence interval [0.93, 1.11]). J Hypertension. Coffee, CYP1A2 genotype, and risk of myocardial infarction. Fifty-five percent of cases (n = 1114) and 54% of controls (n = 1082) were carriers of the slow *1F allele. Kalow W, Tang BK. This intake was positively associated with income and years of schooling. Participation for eligible cases and controls was 98% and 88%, respectively. Design, Setting, and Participants Cases (n = 2014) with a first acute nonfatal MI and population-based controls (n = 2014) living in Costa Rica between 1994 and 2004, matched for age, sex, and area of residence, were genotyped by restriction fragment–length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. Neither polymorphism modified the association between coffee consumption and risk of MI; however, a significant coffee x HTR2Ainteraction was … Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Rajakangas A-M, Pajak A. Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA project: registration procedures, event rates, and case-fatality rates in 38 populations from 21 countries in four continents. Tverdal A, Stensvold I, Solvoll K, Foss OP, Lund-Larsen PG, Bjartveit K. Coffee consumption and death from coronary heart disease in middle aged Norwegian men and women. Terms of Use| The answers were transformed into daily intake and compared with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (five or more servings per day). 2006 Mar 08; 295(10):1135-41. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the intake of caffeinated coffee. Sachse C, Brockmoller J, Bauer S, Roots I. Functional significance of a C to A polymorphism in intron 1 of the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) gene tested with caffeine. Myers MG, Basinski A. On average, it took 27 days to complete data collection for cases and 31 days for controls. Depression was associated with increased risk for AMI. The point mutation caused a significant decrease of CYP1A2 activity Nutritional genomics is a fast-growing area of precision medicine. The increased risk associated with coffee intake was only observed … Evolving Dietetics Education to Respond to Emerging Technologies in Nutritional Genomics, A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up, Dietary Caffeine Synergizes Adverse Peripheral and Central Responses to Anesthesia in Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptible Mice, Coffee Consumption and Myocardial Infarction in Women, Coffee consumption and coronary heart disease in women. How introns influence and enhance eukaryotic gene expression. Because smoking is associated with coffee consumption and is also a strong inducer of CYP1A2,32 we performed analyses separately for current smokers and nonsmokers (never, past). Genotyping of four genetic polymorphisms in the CYP1A2 gene in the Egyptian population. São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2003-2005. Corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for individuals with the rapid *1A/*1A genotype were 1.00, 0.75 (0.51-1.12), 0.78 (0.56-1.09), and 0.99 (0.66-1.48) (P = .04 for gene × coffee interaction). Controls were ineligible if they were physically or mentally unable to answer the questionnaires or if they had had a previous hospital admission related to MI or other cardiovascular disease. It has been realized recently that the primary metabolism of caffeine in humans is catalyzed by P-450IA2 and that the rate of caffeine metabolism can be estimated from a metabolic ratio in a single urine sample. 7. Results Fifty-five percent of cases (n = 1114) and 54% of controls (n = 1082) were carriers of the slow *1F allele. ... 10 In contrast to these health-promoting effects, coffee also has harmful effects, such as increasing blood pressure 10 and the risk of myocardial infarction. American Journal of Epidemiology;141:724-731, Genetic Polymorphism in the 5'-Flanking Region of HumanCYP1A2 Gene: Effect on the CYP1A2 Inducibility in Humans, Biotransformation of caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline by cDNA-expressed human CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, Adenosine, the heart, and coronary circulation, Caffeine as a metabolic probe: Exploration of the enzyme-inducing effect of cigarette smoking, Fruit and vegetable intake among low income elderly in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, The Impact of Suicide Prevention Centers on the Suicide Rate in the Canadian Provinces. These findings and other recent studies suggest that heavy coffee consumption increases the risk of myocardial infarction. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Cornelis, El-Sohemy, Kabagambe, Campos. (2005) Caffeine Intake, CYP1A2 Polymorphism and the Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Therefore, control participants came from the source population that gave rise to the cases and are not likely to have had cardiovascular disease that was not diagnosed because of poor access to medical care. To the Editor: In their study of coffee, CYP1A2 genotype, and myocardial infarction risk, Ms Cornelis and colleagues 1 concluded that carriers of the CYP1A2*1F allele, which they define as a slow allele for caffeine metabolism, have an increased risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction compared with carriers of the CYP1A2*1A allele. After adjustment for matching criteria and socioeconomic status, the OR for AMI was 2.9 (1.8-4.9) for ever hospitalized for depression. fragment length polymorphism method using Ddel or BslI restriction enzyme, and was proven to be genetically inherited. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1998, Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography, Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience, Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment, Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine, United States Preventive Services Task Force, 2006;295(10):1135-1141. doi:10.1001/jama.295.10.1135. Molecular Human Reproduction 11 (5), 357-360.. Palatini, I., et al. Han X-M, Ou-Yang D-S, Lu P-X. Each cohort was categorized by reported daily coffee consumption. Corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for those with the *1A/*1A genotype were 1.00, 0.39 (0.15-0.97), 0.35 (0.17-0.76), and 0.81 (0.32-2.05) (P<.001 for gene × coffee interaction). The subjects self-selected whether to follow a standardized ketogenic diet (n = 53), or a personalised low-glycemic index (GI) nutrigenetic diet utilising information from 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (n = 61). Categorical and continuous nondietary and energy-adjusted dietary variables were assessed for potential confounding by measuring their effect on the model parameter estimates using the likelihood ratio test. And their combination on mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes emerged for the *. Adenosine are mediated by two distinct receptors ( i.e., A1 and receptors! There were no PVT differences between ADORA2A genotypes ( P < 0.01 ) its! 0.99 ( 0.66-1.48 ) impact of each beverage and their combination on mortality among patients... The linked electronic health record data, 1116 individuals were identified within 1 week of case..., Moore MJ G-2964A and C734 polymorphisms of human CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 and genotype in a population of students! 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